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AvandametPRESCRIBING INFORMATION AVANDAMET brand of rosiglitazone maleate and metformin hydrochloride tablets DESCRIPTION AVANDAMETTM rosiglitazone maleate and metformin HCl ; tablets contains two oral antihyperglycemic drugs used in the management of type 2 diabetes: rosiglitazone maleate and metformin hydrochloride. The combination of rosiglitazone maleate and metformin hydrochloride has been previously approved based on clinical trials in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled on metformin alone. Additional efficacy and safety information about rosiglitazone and metformin monotherapies may be found in the prescribing information for each individual drug. Rosiglitazone maleate is an oral antidiabetic agent, which acts primarily by increasing insulin sensitivity. Rosiglitazone improves glycemic control while reducing circulating insulin levels. Pharmacologic studies in animal models indicate that rosiglitazone improves sensitivity to insulin in muscle and adipose tissue and inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis. Rosiglitazone maleate is not chemically or functionally related to the sulfonylureas, the biguanides, or the -glucosidase inhibitors. Chemically, rosiglitazone maleate is ; -5-[[4-[2- methyl-2-pyridinylamino ; ethoxy] phenyl]methyl]2, 4-thiazolidinedione, Z ; -2-butenedioate 1: ; with a molecular weight of 473.52 357.44 free base ; . The molecule has a single chiral center and is present as a racemate. Due to rapid interconversion, the enantiomers are functionally indistinguishable. The molecular formula is C18H19N3O3SC4H4O4. Rosiglitazone maleate is a white to off-white solid with a melting point range of 122 to 123C. The pKa values of rosiglitazone maleate are 6.8 and 6.1. It is readily soluble in ethanol and a buffered aqueous solution with pH of 2.3; solubility decreases with increasing pH in the physiological range. The structural formula is. TUE-E-347 THE LEARNING CURVE FOR SAFETY AND SUCCESS OF PRECUT SPHINCTEROTOMY Author: Thawatchai Akaraviputh, Bangkok, Thailand Co-authors: J. Swangsri, V. Lohsiriwat, A. Methasate, S. Leelakusonwong, N. Lertakayamanee TUE-E-348 COMPARISON OF DIAGNOSTIC YIELD BETWEEN BILIARY BRUSHINGS & BILIARY BIOPSY: RESULTS OF A PILOT STUDY Author: Faiz Ali, Cardiff, United Kingdom Co-authors: D. Richards, P. Griffiths, N. Tofazzal, A. Zaitoun, G. Anagnostopoulos, K. Ragunath, G. Aithal TUE-E-349 THE GUIDE WIRE TECHNIQUE IS ASSOCIATED WITH A LOW RATE OF POST ERCP PANCREATITIS: A UK DISTRICT GENERAL HOSPITAL EXPERIENCE Author: Ahmad Al-Rifai, Sale, United Kingdom Presenter: John Keating, Lancester, United Kingdom Co-authors: C. O'hare, R. Fawcett, J. Keating TUE-E-350 SELECTIVE ENDOSCOPIC PAPILLARY SPHINCTEROPLASTY FOR RISKY ATYPIC ANATOMY CASES Author: Agustin Castiella, Mendaro, Spain Co-authors: F. Mugica, G. Urdapilleta, L. Alzate, E. Zapata, L. Zubiaurre, P. Lopez, A. Berbiela, J. I. Arenas TUE-E-351 ENDOSCOPIC LARGE BALLOON SPHINCTEROPLASTY AFTER SMALL SPHINCTEROTOMY FOR REMOVAL OF LARGE BILE DUCT STONE IN PATIENTS WITH HIGH RISK OF ENDOSCOPIC SPHINCTEROMY RELATED COMPLICATION Author: Sang-Woo Cha, Daejeon, Republic of Korea Co-authors: G. Hoon, G. Choi, A. Kim, H. Yang, Y. Lee, S. Jung, S. Yoon. 148 » advertisement medications contributing to medication singulair 470 ; lisinopril 371 ; levaquin 349 ; yasmin 168 ; toprol-xl 152 ; sulfamethoxazole 117 ; lipitor 114 ; topamax 109 ; advair hfa 109 ; prednisone 107 ; doxycycline hyclate 104 ; omnicef 73 ; zocor 68 ; wellbutrin 60 ; levoxyl 55 ; lamictal 48 ; synthroid 47 ; mirena 42 ; nuvaring 40 ; avelox 39 ; kenalog 38 ; geodon 38 ; guaifenex 38 ; seroquel 27 ; effexor 26 ; guaifen-c 25 ; adderall 24 ; omeprazole 24 ; biaxin 23 ; celexa 22 ; reglan 22 ; zoloft 21 ; methylpred dp 21 ; lupron 21 ; loestrin 24 fe 20 ; neurontin 20 ; 5-aminosalicylic acid 19 ; effexor xr 18 ; paxil 18 ; simvastatin 18 ; advair diskus 18 ; metronidazole 17 ; smz-tmp ds 16 ; diovan 16 ; ambien 16 ; warfarin sodium 15 ; risperdal 15 ; fosamax 15 ; ultracet 14 ; macrobid 12 ; atenolol 12 ; depakote 12 ; meprozine 12 ; zyprexa 12 ; niaspan er 11 ; vytorin 10 ; zyrtec 10 ; adderall xr 10 ; bactrim 9 ; zithromax z-pak 9 ; cipro 9 ; amitriptyline hydrochloride 8 ; metoprolol succinate er 8 ; trileptal 8 ; aciphex 8 ; femcon fe 8 ; levaquin leva-pak 8 ; remeron 8 ; concerta 8 ; flomax 8 ; imitrex 7 ; maxidex 7 ; nitrofurantoin anhydrous 7 ; tricor 7 ; flagyl 7 ; hydrocodone cp 6 ; bromaxefed dm rf syrup 6 ; dilantin 6 ; gabitril 6 ; budeprion 6 ; zantac 6 ; yaz 6 ; clonidine 6 ; lithium carbonate 6 ; allegra 5 ; zofran 5 ; cephalexin monohydrate 5 ; januvia 5 ; hydrochlorothiazide-lisinopril 5 ; accutane 5 ; metoprolol tartrate 5 ; aviane 5 ; tegretol 5 ; glipizide 4 ; nabumetone 4 ; welchol 4 ; remicade 4 ; verapamil hydrochloride 4 ; keppra 4 ; vi-q-tuss 4 ; tramadol hydrochloride 4 ; metformin hydrochloride 4 ; benazepril-hydrochlorothiazide 4 ; pseudovent 4 ; pravachol 4 ; keflex 4 ; oxycontin 4 ; prozac 3 ; morphine sulfate sr 3 ; prevacid 3 ; coreg 3 ; ciprofloxacin 3 ; albuterol 3 ; gardasil 3 ; vicodin 3 ; trazodone hydrochloride 3 ; flecainide acetate 3 ; toradol 3 ; levall 3 ; dynacin 3 ; orap 3 ; naltrexone hydrochloride 3 ; lyrica 3 ; alprazolam 3 ; yutopar 3 ; amoxicillin 3 ; augmentin 3 ; chantix 3 ; fentanyl 3 ; armour thyroid 3 ; clindamycin phosphate 3 ; hydroxyzine hydrochloride 3 ; xanax 3 ; prilosec 3 ; pseudoephedrine hydrochloride 3 ; hydrochlorothiazide 3 ; digitek 3 ; avandia 3 ; plavix 3 ; aricept 2 ; ventolin 2 ; prograf 2 ; labetalol hydrochloride 2 ; flexeril 2 ; klonopin 2 ; cheratussin ac 2 ; lantus 2 ; prilosec otc 2 ; donnazyme 2 ; phenazopyridine hydrochloride 2 ; ovcon 2 ; naproxen 2 ; lidex 2 ; sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim ds 2 ; methotrexate 2 ; talwin nx 2 ; sinemet 2 ; methadose 2 ; meridia 2 ; desogen 2 ; tarka 2 ; allertan 2 ; mirtazapine 2 ; levothyroxine sodium 2 ; dynacirc cr 2 ; colazal 2 ; urimax 2 ; gabapentin 2 ; doxycycline monohydrate 2 ; evista 2 ; minocycline hydrochloride 2 ; ambien cr 2 ; gemfibrozil 2 ; benicar 2 ; quasense 2 ; requip 2 ; norvasc 2 ; lotensin 2 ; celebrex 2 ; lopressor 2 ; etodolac 2 ; zebeta 2 ; antabuse 2 ; lorazepam 2 ; baclofen 2 ; prometrium 2 ; tetracycline hydrochloride 2 ; jolessa 2 ; bellaspas 2 ; lotrel 2 ; altace 2 ; darvocet a500 2 ; lamisil 2 ; ritalin 2 ; felbatol 2 ; clonazepam 2 ; doxepin hydrochloride 2 ; cozaar 2 ; mobic 2 ; amitex la 2 ; imuran 2 ; hydromorphone 2 ; propafenone hydrochloride 2 ; cytomel 2 ; dibenzyline 2 ; phenergan 2 ; aleve 2 ; sarafem 2 ; allopurinol 2 ; dexamethasone 2 ; lexapro 2 ; protonix 2 ; glucovance 2 ; dyazide 2 ; bactrim ds 2 ; provera 2 ; carafate 2 ; enulose 1 ; ezol 1 ; gris-peg 1 ; nortriptyline 1 ; lipoflavonoid 1 ; propranolol hydrochloride la 1 ; bisoprolol-hydrochlorothiazide 1 ; desoxyn 1 ; sulfatrim pediatric 1 ; rhinocort 1 ; zosyn add-vantage 1 ; strattera 1 ; glyburide-metformin 1 ; cryselle 28 1 ; symlin 1 ; roxicodone 1 ; prochlorperazine edisylate 1 ; lorcet 10 650 1 ; vagifem 1 ; diflunisal 1 ; norvir soft gelatin 1 ; ziac 1 ; darvon 1 ; questran 1 ; serax 1 ; 1 ; dewees carminative 1 ; librium 1 ; nystop 1 ; lasix 1 ; pangestyme mt 16 1 ; pravastatin sodium 1 ; microzide 1 ; aspirin 1 ; cp dec dm 1 ; 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A nrmsd is the parameter reflecting the goodness-of-fit between the calculated secondary structure and the experimental data. Described by Alderson et al. were also performed using ruthenium chloride mixture of RuCl3.xH2O and RuCl4.xH2O ; as catalyst.10 In general, the reactions proved to be less effective upon the use of the latter species. Umezaki et al. reported on the lower reactivity of ruthenium chlorides in additions of ethene and propene to styrene as well.13 While research was focused on nickel and palladium complexes as catalysts in codimerization reactions, Yi et al. reported on the hydrovinylation activity of an in-situ generated catalyst from PCy3 ; 2 CO ; RuHCl and HBF4OEt2.64 Several substrates such as styrene, 2-vinylnaphthalene, norbornene and 1, 3-cyclohexadiene were successfully reacted with ethene mediated by this ruthenium hydride catalyst 20C, 6 h, TON 200 ; . Less than 5% isomerization products were detected. Upon the introduction of heteroatoms in the substrates the yields decreased. The same ruthenium catalyst was used in the stereoselective addition of ethene to a steroidal diene scheme 1.6 ; .65. Rosiglitazone, like other thiazolidinediones can cause or exacerbate congestive heart failure CHF ; in some patients. After initiation of AVANDAMET, and after dose increases, patients should be monitored for signs and symptoms of heart failure including excessive, rapid weight gain, dyspnoea, and or oedema ; . If these signs and symptoms develop and CHF is diagnosed AVANDAMET should be discontinued. The patient's heart failure should be evaluated and managed according to current standards of care. The risk of cardiac failure is significantly increased when rosiglitazone is used with more than one antidiabetic agent or insulin AVANDAMET is not indicated for use with insulin. Particular care should be taken in triple therapy with sulfonylureas. AVANDAMET is not recommended in patients with symptomatic heart failure. Initiation of AVANDAMET in patients with established NYHA Class III or IV heart failure is contraindicated see Contraindications and avandia. Avandamet 2 500 mg
1. Institute of Medicine. Reducing Underage Drinking: A Collective Responsibility. National Academies Press, 2003.2. Center for Science in the Public Interest. Factbook on State Beer Taxes. July 2004.3. Chaloupka FJ, Grossman M, and Saffer H."The effects of price on alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problems." Alcohol Research and Health 26 1 ; : 22-34, 2002.4. American Medical Association.""Americans overwhelmingly support increase in state alcohol taxes." May 4, 2004.5. Center on Alcohol Marketing and Youth. Youth Exposure to Alcohol Ads on Television, 2002. April 21, 2004.6. Snyder LB."A national study of the effects of alcohol advertising on youth drinking over time." Presentation to the Research Society on Alcoholism, June 27, 2004.7. Wagenaar AC, Harwood EM, Toomey TL, Denk CE, and Zander KM. "Public opinion on alcohol policies in the United States: results from a national survey." J Public Health Policy 21 3 ; : 303-327, 2000.8. Jernigan DH, Ostroff J, Ross C, and O'Hara JA.'"Sex differences in adolescent exposure to alcohol advertising in magazines." Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 158 7 ; : 629-634, 2004.9. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Graduated Driver Licensing and Drinking among Young Drivers, April 30, 2004.10. Faces & Voices of Recovery. "Poll finds alcohol and drug addiction has impacted the lives of 63 percent of Americans." May 14, 2004.11. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Results from the 2002 National Survey on Drug Useand Health: National Findings, 2003.12. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. The Costs and Effects of Parity for Mental Health and Substance Abuse Insurance Benefits, 1998.13. National Institute on Drug Abuse. Principles of Drug Addiction Treatment: A Research-Based Guide, 1999.14. Join Together. Ending Discrimination Against People with Alcohol and Drug Problems: Recommendations from a National Policy Panel, 2003.15. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. "Screening and behavioral counseling interventions in primary care to reduce alcohol misuse: recommendation statement." Annals Internal Med 140: 555-7, 2004.16. Fleming MF, Mundt MP, French MT, Manwell LB, Stauffacher EA, and Barry KL.""Brief physician advice for problem drinkers: long-term efficacy and benefit-cost analysis." Alcohol Clinical Experience Research 26 1 ; : 36-43, 2002.17. National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse. Missed Opportunity: National Survey of Primary Care Physicians and Patients on Substance Abuse, 2000.18. Institute of Medicine. Crossing the Quality Chasm. National Academies Press, 2001.19. Join Together. Rewarding Results: Improving the Quality of Treatment for People with Alcohol and Drug Problems-- Recommendations from a National Policy Panel, 2003.20. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. National Treatment Improvement Evaluation Study, 1997.21. Caulkins JP, Rydell CP, Schwabe W, and Chiesa JR. Mandatory Minimum Drug Sentences: Throwing Away the Key or Taxpayers' Money? The RAND Corporation, 1997.22. National Institute on Drug Abuse. Preventing Drug Use Among Children and Adolescents: A ResearchBased Guide, 2003.23. Join Together. Promising Strategies: Results of the Fourth National Survey on Community Efforts to Reduce Substance Abuse and Gun Violence, 1999.Join Together is a project of Boston University School of Public Health. Our mission is to help community groups be more effective in preventing and reducing drug and alcohol problems. Join Together takes responsibility for the content in this guide. Printing and distribution were supported by voluntary contributions from individuals and organizations across the country, not from foundation or government sources. jointogether and glucotrol. Avandamet 1000Avandamet 1000 4mgComparison in Case AUTH 1620 7 04, reference was now made to deterioration of glucose levels at, inter alia, 3 months rather than one year as in the original comparison. The Panel considered that the failure to comply with the undertaking reduced confidence in and brought discredit upon the pharmaceutical industry; a breach of Clause 2 was ruled, which on appeal by GlaxoSmithKline was upheld. The Panel considered that the failure to comply with the undertaking together with the exacerbation of the unfair nature of the original comparison warranted reporting the company to the Appeal Board for it to consider the matter in accordance with Paragraph 8.1 of the Constitution and Procedure. The Appeal Board considered that there had been a clear breach of an undertaking and noted the exacerbation of the unfair nature of the original comparison. The Appeal Board also noted GlaxoSmithKline's previous history of breaches of the Code in the same therapeutic area and considered that these might be due to a cultural failure. The Appeal Board's extreme concern led it to report GlaxoSmithKline to the ABPI Board of Management in accordance with Paragraph 12.2 of the Constitution and Procedure, with the recommendation that the company should be publicly reprimanded. The ABPI Board considered that undertakings were important documents; compliance with them was important for effective self regulation. The ABPI Board noted that there had been a clear breach of undertaking and that GlaxoSmithKline's appeal of a Clause 2 breach had been unsuccessful. The ABPI Board considered that this was an extremely serious matter which warranted the imposition of a public reprimand. COMPLAINT Servier noted that in Case AUTH 1620 7 04 an Avandajet leavepiece was ruled in breach of the Code because it implied superiority of Avandamer over sulphonylureas in terms of glycaemic control over time. In the leavepiece now at issue Servier considered that the data as presented on page 3 invited a comparison in relation to glycaemic control between Avandamef and sulphonylureas. In Case AUTH 1620 7 04, the Panel had considered that presenting the data in this way was misleading for two reasons. Firstly because although HbA1c rose after one year's treatment with sulphonylureas, and in that sense glycaemic control began to deteriorate, in absolute terms HbA1c was still lower after 6 years of treatment with sulphonylureas than after 21 2 years of Avandamet treatment 7.1% vs 7.5% respectively ; . And secondly, because there were significant differences between the Avandamet Jariwala et al 2003 ; and sulphonylureas UK Prospective Diabetes Study UKPDS patient groups. Servier alleged a breach of undertaking. The complaint was taken up by the Director as it was the responsibility of the Authority itself to ensure compliance with undertakings. This accorded with advice previously given by the Appeal Board. Rosiglitazone metformin tablet Avandamet ; is accepted for restricted use within NHS Scotland in combination with a sulphonylurea as triple oral therapy in patients particularly in overweight patients ; who are unable to achieve sufficient glycaemic control despite dual oral therapy and where patients are unable or unwilling to take insulin. Triple therapy should be initiated and monitored only by physicians experienced in the treatment of diabetes mellitus who will be able to identify and manage patients who might benefit. The combination formulations are not associated with increased costs compared to equivalent combinations of single drug formulations. Desmopressin 120 mcg oral lyophilisate DesmoMelt ; is accepted for use within NHS Scotland for the treatment of primary nocturnal enuresis. At clinically equivalent doses there is no additional cost for the sublingual formulation compared with conventional tablets and nizoral. Annals of General Psychiatry 2006, 5 Suppl 1 ; : S157 Background: Both neurodevelopmental processes and prefrontal cortex function are known to be abnormal in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The hypothesis to be tested was that these features are related with genes that regulate neuronal migration. Materials and methods: We analyzed the genomic region encompassing the LIS1 gene lissencephaly critical region, LCR ; , involved in human lissencephaly, and the platelet-activatingfactor PAF ; system genes, functionally related to LIS1 in neuronal migration, in 52 schizophrenic patients, 36 bipolar I patients and 65 normal control subjects. In addition, all patients and 25 control subjects completed a neuropsychological battery. Results: Thirteen 14.8% ; patients showed alterations in two markers related with lissencephaly, and in the PAF receptor PAFR ; gene. These patients performed significantly worse on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test-Perseverative Errors WCST-PE ; in comparison to patients without LCR PAFR abnormalities. The presence of LCR PAFR abnormalities was parametrically related to perseverative errors and explained 17% of variance p 0.0001 ; . Finally, logistic regression showed that poor WCST-PE performance was the only predictor of belonging to the positive LCR PAFR group. Discussion: These preliminary findings suggest that mutations in genes involved in the molecular diagnosis of lissencephaly and neuronal migration alterations, predict the severity of the prefrontal cognitive deficits in both disorders. References 1. Egan MF, Goldberg TE, Kolachana BS, Callicott JH, Mazzanti CM and Straub RE, et al: Effect of COMT Val108 158 Met genotype on frontal lobe function and risk for schizophrenia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001, 98: 69176922. Stahl SM: Psychopharmacology of anticonvulsants: do all anticonvulsants have the same mechanism of action?. J Clin Psychiatry 2004, 65: 738739. Knable MB, Barci BM, Webster MJ, Meador-Woodruff J and Torrey EF: Molecular abnormalities of the hippocampus in severe psychiatric illness: postmortem findings from the Stanley Neuropathology Consortium. Mol Psychiatry 2004, 9: 609620. Harwood AJ: Neurodevelopment and mood stabilizers. Curr Mol Med 2003, 3: 472482. Inhibition of GABAB modulation of calcium channel currents in cultured rat dorsal root ganglion neurones by loading replated cells with anti-G protein antibodies A.S. Menon-Johansson and A.C. Dolphin Department of Pharmacology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London NW3 2PF The modulation of calcium currents in cultured rat dorsal root ganglion DRG ; neurones by activation of receptors such as the GABAB receptor is thought to be mediated by a GTP-binding G ; protein since the inhibition can be blocked by pertussis toxin, which ADP-ribosylates the G proteins, Gi and Go Dolphin & Scott, 1987 ; . We have now examined the types of G protein involved, using cells replated immediately before recording. This has also enabled the incorporation of anti-G protein antibodies into the cell by a modified version of scrape loading. Antibodies present in the replating medium enter the cells as their attachment plaques and neurites are severed. The calcium channel current was recorded using Ba2 + as the charge carrier Dolphin & Scott, 1987 ; . IBa was recorded between 60 and 90 min after replating, at a holding potential of -80 mV. The maximum current 1.45 0.19 nA, mean S.E.M.; n 17 ; showed 24.6 1.5 % inactivation during the 100 ms step. 'Ba was inhibited by co-conotoxin 1 ; by 88.8 3.0 % n 3 ; . - ; -Baclofen 50 ; reversibly inhibited hBa by 28.4 + 3.7 % n 18 ; and this was similar 27.9 3.9 %, n 15 ; in cells loaded with pre-immune serum 1: 50 ; . When cells were replated with the anti-GO antibody OCI; 1: 100 ; , directed against the C terminus of the a subunit McFadzean et al. 1989 ; , - ; -baclofen inhibited 'Ba by 14.4 3.6 % n 7; P 0.05, compared with serum, Student's t test ; . OC1 1: 50 ; similarly prevented the inhibition by - ; -baclofen 10.1 7.0 % inhibition; n 4; P 0.05 ; . ONI 1: 50 ; , directed against the N terminal of a., did not significantly prevent the inhibition by - ; -baclofen, which was 19.5 4.4 % n 10 ; . agreement with these findings, it is the C terminal of ao that is thought to be important for the association with the receptor whereas the N terminal is not thought to have direct involvement in receptor or effector coupling. Using OCI, we have observed that ao is localized in the DRG plasma membrane by immunocytochemistry combined with confocal microscopy. SGl, an antibody against the C terminal of aq, was unable at 1: 50 prevent the - ; -baclofen inhibition of 'Ba; in its presence - ; -baclofen produced 40.5 5.5 % inhibition n 10 ; . However, this antibody does prevent GABABactivated GTPase in rat cortical membranes indicating that GABAB receptors can couple to Gi Sweeney & Dolphin, unpublished ; . In conclusion, the specificity for Go of the coupling of GABAB receptors to the inhibition of Iha is likely to reside in the ability of a0 to interact directly or indirectly with calcium channels and diflucan and Buy avandamet. Avandamet 500 2Discount AvandametAvanddamet, avahdamet, zvandamet, avancamet, avandamer, avandamt, avandameh, avndamet, avajdamet, vaandamet, avsndamet, xvandamet, avandqmet, avandwmet, aavndamet, vandamet, avandamft, wvandamet, avandam4t, avandammet, avandaamet, agandamet, avandaket, avandmaet, avansamet, avandzmet, avadnamet, avanfamet, svandamet, avnadamet, avaneamet, acandamet, avandamdt, avadamet, avanxamet, afandamet.Avandamet more drug_side_effectsAvandamet 2 500 mg, avandamet 1000, avandamet 1000 4mg, avandamet 500 2 and discount avandamet. Avandamet more drug_side_effects, prescription medicine avandamet, avandia avandamet hair loss and avandamet hcl or Medications Cheap Drugs. 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